Gas-engine.



D. H. BENNETT, DEGD.

J. L. BENNETT, ADMINISTRATOR.

GAS ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25, 1914.

Patented Nov. 24, 1914.

'3 SHEETSSHEET l. I

Q Attest i g 1Hventor: dad Q 1 by M D. H. BENNETT, DEGD.

J. L. BENNETT, ADMINISTRATOR.

GAS ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25, 1914.

1,1 18,178. Patented Nov. .24, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Attfis: Q inventor: K m M I by W Y Atty Y D. H. BENNETT, DEGD.

J. L. BENNETT, ADMINISTRATOR.

GAS ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25, 1914' Patented N01724:, 1914.

a SHEETS-SHEET s.

UNITED STATES PATENT oEEio DWIGHT H.

BENNETT, DECEASED, LATE OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, BY JAMES L.

BENNETT, ADMINISTRATOR,- 0F BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

GAS-ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Nov, 24, 1914,

Application filed March 25, 1914. 6 Serial No. 827,222.

citizen of the United States of America, re-

siding in the borough of Brooklyn, county of Kings, and State of NewYork, administrator of the estate of DWIGHT H. BENNETT, deceased, whodid in his life inventcertain new and useful Improvements inGas-Engines, do declare that thefollowing is a specification.

Said invention relates to gas engines of the class called turbines, andit consists in the devices and combinations of devices hereinafterdescribed and claimed.

Figure-1 is a side elevation of such en gine, embodying the invention.Fig.-2 is a vertical longitudinal sectional. view of the same. Fig.3 isa. detailed View of the clutch mechanism interposed between the fancarrying shaft of the compression mechanism and the gear wheel which isconnected with the actuating power. Fig-e is a vertical cross-sectionalView of line 4, 4, of Fig. 2. Fig.- 5 is a cross-sectional view of oneof the vanes employed. Fig.-6 is' a vertical longitudinal sectional viewof the air inlet and compression devices. Fig.7 is a detailed view ofone of the perforated tubes of the carbureter. o

The outer casing'or cylin er of the engine is indicated at 1. Ithasahead, 2. Concen:

trio with the outer casing is constructed an inner cylinder, 3, 4,onepart 3 extending from head, 2, for a considerable distance inwardwhere it abutsagainst a rim of-a set of blades, and the other part, L,from the rim of the succeedin' set of blades to apoint in line with the%urther end of easing, 1, where the space between them is closed by anannular head,, 5. The space between 1 on the outside-and 3 aud t on theinside, is intended to constitute a water jacket for the engine. Fromthe outer face of the an nular head 5, another cylinder 6, extendslongitudinally outward and is closed by a having a central bore toaccommohead 7 date the shaft 8, and its sleeve 9. This cylinder 6=ispierced ata number of places, here sixteen, and the walls of each suchaperture are surrounded by flanges, 10, to

the outer edges of which is securedan annular cylinder, 11, the interiorface of which i is aperturedto register with the flanged'apertur'esofcylinder 6.

In the heads 2 and 3 which are centrally bored for the purpose, the mainshaft, 8, is

mounted, one end carrying a sleeve '9 and the other a sleeve 12,entirely independent of sleeve 9. Bosses or other devices to constitutesuflicient bearings for the sleeve ing undue friction, and extends froma I point some inches without the line of head 7 to a point slightlywithin the line of head 5 of the main cylinder.' At the inner end, itcarries a circular disk 13, rigidly secured to it and of a diameter tofit closely within the-cylinder at. Next in succession to disk 13,surrounding said sleeve 9, a wheel is placed composed of a hub 15,radial partition arms 16, an apertured disk 17 covering its outer faceand a partial rim in the form of a flange 18 extending inward from theedge of disk 17 over the edges of arms 16, to a line just within that ofthe circle of apertures in cylinder 6. The inner outer corners of thearms 16 are secured rigidly to a ring 19, triangular in cross section(as shown in Fig. 2) which is in turn secured to the cylinder 4 and head5 and projects outward toward head 7 and in line with rim 18't0 a linejust beyond that of-the inner side-of the circle of aperturesin cylinder6 and inward toward shaft 8, to a line within the line of thecircumference of disk 13.

This ring 19 may be cast with and as part of arms 16 and bolted in placeor as part of hub, 15,]the disk 17 and rim 18, firmly to thestationarycylinder and thus hold them stationary, and, in -conjunctionwith said hub, partitions and disk. to constitute a series of chambersto be more particularly described hereafter.

Beyond disk 17, alpartition l iextends from the wall of cylinder 6,inward to a close fitwith sleeve 9. It has a series of apertures22 conespondin in number, size and relative location with the apertures 2i 5formed in disk 17'. Between disk 17 and flange 21, which extendsinwardly, parallel with the shaft, between flange 18 and the outer faceof ring 19 on the one side and cylinder 6 on the other, to a linebeyondthe circle of apertures in cylinder 6, and substantially to head 5. Diskl lis provided with a number (here 16) of radially cut apertures, 22,evenly spaced, cut from near the center outward, for "a distance usually{but not necessarily) about one-sixth of the diameter of said disk, thewidth being about equal to the space between the arms or par-- titions16. Disk 17 is also provided with radially cut apertures 24, of a lengthand width corresponding to the length and width of apertures 22. Disk 20has four radial apertures, 25, evenly spaced and in length equalingapertures 22 and 24-, with which they register, but in Width equal tothe space between alternate arms 16, that isto the space occupied by twoapertures, minus the width of the walls, and its flange, 21 is providedwith four apertures evenly emcee which will at appropriate timesregist'er with the apertures in flange 18 and cylinder ll... g

- Disk 13 has tour-radial apertures, 23,

till

corresponding in width with the space be-- tween partitions '16, plusthe thic'lniessot the partitions and in length extending from quitenear-the sleeve 9 to a line'just within that ol ringlll hora shortdistance within dish 13, the cylinder' l ;is left vacant to form areservoir of power, 99. Succeed" mg space 99, there is 1acircularjseriesfot vanes 26 secured toasleeveor 'hub 27 surroundingshaft 8 and provided with a-riin 30,"is quite heavy and is chamberedor'an:

listed t9 fit' a corresponding. chamber, or 'ralo'bet unx'the edge ofcylinder{-'l,' thereby siibstaptially constituting an; "fif h contotrans t on of said cylinder. "@iiath'e side oppos te to that adjoining,contact with a hand iil suppo'rtedby brace,

32, which may bola the torm are eager-- tube open atone end and at theother end and a series of fan blades 59 all pitched in 28,whi,ch ashereshownf constitiitesthe cyl atthehigher speed independently ofthegear 61, but cannot reverse unless 66 were reversed.

nuaivs tending to cylinder 1 and pierced with many 65 apertures. Similarbraces, 34 and 41, strengthennnd support in place respectively the innerends of parts 3 and l of the inner cylinder. .r I

Sleeve 12 extends inward on shaft 8 to the line of the nearest edge ofvanes 29 and mounted on said sleeve adjacent to said vanes 29, there isa third series of vanes 35, having a rim 36-chambered as described tofit on one side against the chambered surface of band 31 and thatofcylinder 3 on the other. The pitch of vanes 35 is, in general, similarto that of vanes 26.. Succeed' ing vanes 35, are fixed partitions, 37,extending radially from a hub 38, surrounding sleeves 12, to and securedto the shell 3. The space 39 between the outer line of partitions 37 andhead 2, is an open chamber and from it, an exhaust pipe 40 extends to aconvenient pointof discharge.

A flywheel 4 2 is nounted on shaft 8 and in a bracket 1:3 is mounted ashaft 44 carrying a gear wheel l5 and a pulley wheel 46. Gear 45 mesheswith a gear 47 mounted on sleeve 12 and pulley 46 carries a belt 48running to a shaft 8 and thereby any power developed by the movement ofvanes 35 will be transmitted to shaft 8. i

Sparking plugs are located in each explosion chamber, but theiroperation need not be described, as they are fully set forth in aprevious application, S. N. 349,773.

. 54 is the carburetor. llt consistsoil a long communicating with theequalizing chamber 10 53 lyinr within cylinder 6 between head 7 anddisz14:. In standards 55 in said tube, a shaft 56 is mounted and on thatshaft a balance wheel 57 whose spokes 58 are vanes,

the same direction. Radial partitions 60 oil rection parallel with thesh'atthti, are interposed in the series of fans to interrupt the toogreat rotary motion the air would otherwise acquire. Gear, 61 pn' shaft56 meshes with gear 62 on shaftv 63', which in turnv care;

ries gear 64 meshing with gear 65 on shaft 66, which, through pulley 67and belt 68 about 67 and Shaft Would communicatell \Sllghi Width butappreciable length, in a dipower to move the fans, but gear 61 is not 4rigidly connected with shaft 56, but loosely thereon, and intermediatethe two. gears there isa' clutch 69 secured to said gear 61. When gear61 turns with a sutlicient's s ed,

and its burden, but if the speed of gear 61' should decrease, shaft 56nevertheless, under I a v its acquired rnome'ntum and that-of its bail Icylinder 4,;the ram'dtliis also chambered and there makes ance wheels?!may for a moment continues n the clutch will seize shaft 56 and revo veit I In the carbureter, in advance of the fans, are one or moreatomizers. They consist of two heads, 70 joined by a rim and by a seriesof tubes 71. These tubes are pierced by numerous fine holes 72. Then asmall tube .73 leads from the carbureter to the upper part of thetightly closed gasolene tank (not shown) and another tube 74, shorterthan tube 73, leads from the lower part of said tank to the spacebetween a shaft 81, extending from a foot secured to head 7 and bracedby an arm 8'2 extending down from bracket 77, there is a second frictiondisk 83 placed and arranged to make contact with wheel 80. Shaft 82 alsocarries a,pulley wheel 84 about which a belt 85 extends to and about theextended part of sleeve 9 outside of head 7. The bracket 77 isbifurcated or forked and through its tines is passed a threaded screw 86provided with a crank 87. The thread of screw 86 carries an arm 88, fromthe end of which a cord or line 89 extends down to the hub wheel 79, towhich it is securely attached by means of a ring or collar thereon.

Shaft 8 is hollow for a considerable portion of its length and a tube 90is connected to its open end by a suitable joint. From the space 93within the hollow shaft, tubes or channels 91 extending through thethickest parts of vanes 29, lead to the open space between rim 30 andcylinder 1. Similar tubes or channels 92lead through the thickest partsof vanes 35 and open int the same at their inner ends: These channels 92extend through sleeve 12 and register with a series of ports 94 cut fromspace 93 to the surface of the shaft; but to insure that the passageshall not be cut oil by the turning of the shaft 8 in sleeve 19, theface of the shaftis turned down for a distance on each side of ports94-, and other ports 95 lead from space 93 to the face of the turnedpart of the shaft. A discharge tube 96 extends through head .3 into thespace 97 between cylinder 1 and 3, and'another discharge tube 98 leadsfrom the annular cylinder 11.

The operation of theengine is as follows: Motion must be communicated toshaft 56 to charge the chamber Gasolene having been forced by anysuitable means from the tank to the carbureter proper, the ir forced.ated at the spark plugs and the charges in in by the movement of thevanes 59 will, in passing through tubes 71 become charged with thegasmaking material issuing from holes 72 and will pass on and intoequalizing'chamber 53 as an explosive compound. Further motion ofshaft56 and its vanes 59 will compress the mixture in chamber 53. Nowthe shaft 8 is also started and through the connections alreadymentioned its motion will be communicated to sleeve 9 and its rigidlyattached disks 20 and 13, their motion being of course alwayssynchronous. The motion of the disk 2-0 will speedily cause it to beginto-uncover apertures 22 and 24 and thereby provide free passage for theexplosive mixture from chamber 53 into four evenly spaced chambers. Notonly so, but as disk 20 moves on, it will uncover the four chambers,respectively succeeding those first uncovered and thus throughout itsmotion. When four chambers have thus been filled under pressure, thefurther movement of 4 disk 20 will close the entranceports and at thesame instant the movement of disk 13 will begin to open ports 23 of saidfour chambers, the positions of disk 13 and disk 20 being so adjusted onsleeve 9 as to produce such effect. When apertures 23 are aboutone-third open (any other distance may be selected if desired) sparksare crethose four chambers [are fired. The gases produced by theexplosions rush through ports 23 into chamber 99 and thence between theentire series of vanes 26, then .29 and then 35 and the pitch of eachsucceeding set of vanes being reversed, such passage will cause thevanes 29 to rotate in one direction, carrying the shaft 8 with them, and

the vanes llhfto rotate in the opposite direction, carrying sleeve 12with them, such power as is developed by such rotation of sleeve 12being added to the shaft power through gears 47 and 45, pulley 46 andbelt 1L8.

When the exposion has taken place and the gas passed out-as described,(118k 13 again closes ports 23 and in due course the movement of disk QObringS the apertures in its flangeQl to register with the said fourdiseharge chambers, and any remaining gas therein may -"-*escapc throughthe flanged ports in'cylinderf fi and into and through the annularchamber 11- and out of its exhaust 98, being hastened in'that movementby the freshincoming explosive mixture which will by that time be againentering those chambers under pressure. The respectively succeeding fourchambers are likewise charged,

closed, opened j aivid' their charges exploded l and delivered intochamber 99 and thence to their work as described, and the cyclecontinues so long as material is furnished and movement permitted. Thepurpose of v chamber 99 is to efl'ect a more evenly con- 1 tinuousmovement of the vanes and therefore the shaft than if the dischargeswere directly against the vanes. The gases fill chamber 99 and in itbecome a species of buffer. From thence they flow against each set ofvanes, and not merely ones opposite the discharging chambers. Again theincoming gases add to the general pressure in chamber 99 which acts as areservoir from which the power is continually proceeding with a lesspulsatory character than would otherwise be the case. Meanwhile theshaft 8 has developed motion under the influence named and thenceforthwill actuate all of its connected devices, including shaft 56. itsmovement, of course, causes the air forced through pipe 73 to create apressure on the gasolene tank and when the pressure in. chamber and tube54 is momentarily lessened by the opening of ports 22 and 24;,

- seize and turn shaft 56, when the speed of shaft 8 again acquires thatof shaft 56. As they issue from between the blades 35., the gases willhave acquired a rotary motion of considerable force, and mightthereforecreate an objectionable noise if nothing intervened between said bladesand exhaust. and therefore the radial plates 37ers intro duced at thisplaceto guide those gases in the exit and in overcoming the rotarymotion named, obviate therobjectionthe noise mi ht otherwise present. t

0 cool the parts a stream of -waterv is introduced through tube 902'. Itpasses thence to and through spacev 93 and by centrifugal force willflow out through chamber 91 and ports 9t and 95 and channels92 intochamber 97 and thence to and out of discharge tube 96, thusfurnishiug. avery convenient means for effecting the desired end; and to enhance thecooling. efi'ect, supplemental channels-Jere sometimes me in the; thicirparts ofthe vanes leading from and-to chnels 91 and 9%;(as indicate d-in dotted lines inlFig. I v I "As wil be manifest, there are times whenit is advisable tochangethe rate of exploelem-relative to therevolutions of the shaft and this may herein be readily accomplished byloosening the set screw holding -wheel inplace on shaft 118 andshiftingthat wheel d, upward to de intense I crease the speed of the sleeve 9(which governs the rate of discharges relative to the revolutions'ofshaft 8). If a momentary tit and rapid change of such relative speeds is"Ill herein as shown and. described. Many of them may be changed invarious particulars and some may be omitted without departingfrom thespirit of my invention.

The claims are not limited to the number of vanes employed nor to thenumber of difference series of vanes nor to any other details, otherthan as set forth in the claims ornecessarily implied by the terms used.

What is claimed herein, is-' '1. The combination of a cylinder having awater jacket about it, a shaft with a channel therein, a pipe leading tosaid channel, a series of vanes supportedon said shaft, a series ofchannels extending through said vanesfrom the channel in the shaft tothe water jacket, and a pipe leading from said jacket, all substantiallyas set forth 2. The combinationin an internal explosion engine of acylinder having a water jacket about it, a shaft with a channel therein,a pipe leading to said chel, a series of vanes arranged about saidshaft, a series of channels extending through said vanes from thechannel in the shaft to the water jacket and a pipe leading fromsaidjacket,

iii, a pipe leadin to said channel, a series of. vanes arrange aboutsaid shaft, a sleeve interposed between said vanes and sa d shaft, a,water chamber about said shaft and withinsaidsleeve, ports leading fromthe channel in the shaft to said water chamber, a

series of channels extending through said vanes from-the chael in theshaft to the j acket, all substantially asset orth.

.;t."ln a gas-engine, an explosion chambeny "aimain tubeleadingj to saidexplosion chambor, aseries of fan blades arranged to E8",

litv

water jacket, and a pipe .leadin from said I volve-insaid tube, asmalltube leading from I the main tube to the closed asolene tank, a

carburetor in-said'main tube composed of two diaphragms connected. by aseries of tubes opening at each end into the-main tube "and perforatedthroughout their len h, and

second all tube shorter than t e first,

leading from the gasolene tank to the space two subscribing witnesses,this fourth day between the diaphragm in the main tube, all of February,1910.

substantially as set forth.

5. In a gas engine, a carbureter provided with an internal shaft,carrying a balance wheel and a series of fans, a gear loosely mounted onsaid shaft, and an automatic clutch interposed between said gear andsaid shaft, all combined substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of DWIGHT H. BENNETT. NVitnesses:

RICHARD L. CARPENTER, SIDNEY S. BALL.

JAMES L. BENNETT,

As Administrator. Witnesses to signature of J. L. Bennett:

WV. B. HERBERT, A. G. N. VERMILYA.

